Upstream and downstream industrial chain of magnetic materials

Upstream and downstream industrial chain of magnetic materials
1, and the upstream and downstream industries of the correlation between high-performance iron boron permanent magnetic materials industry chain upstream is the rare earth smelting industry (including: heavy rare earth smelting industry and light rare earth smelting industry), pure iron manufacturing and energy power industry. Downstream is wind power, energy-saving elevators, energy-saving and environmental protection air conditioning, new energy vehicles and EPS and other new energy and energy-saving and environmental protection applications, as well as VCM, consumer electronics and other traditional applications. Industry chain diagram is as follows:
Rare earth, because it is widely used in steel, glass, ceramics, electronics, petroleum, new materials and other industries, is called "industrial monosodium glutamate". Rare earth metals are important strategic resources, which are widely used in high-tech and military fields because of their unique and excellent properties. Rare earth is also China's advantageous resources, reserves, production, consumption and export volume are the first in the world. Traditional Application Fields New Energy and Energy Saving and Environmental Protection Application Fields High Performance NdFeB Permanent Magnetic Material Manufacturing Light Rare Earth Smelting Heavy Rare Earth Smelting Pure Iron Manufacturing Energy Power According to some differences in the physical and chemical properties and geochemical properties of rare earth elements and the demand for separation, rare earth elements are often divided into light and heavy groups. Terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium plus yttrium called heavy rare earth group, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium called light rare earth group. China is the country with the largest reserves and production of light rare earths and heavy rare earths. As an important strategic and advantageous resource, the state attaches great importance to rare earth and has issued a series of policies to control the exploitation and export of rare earth resources, so as to promote the healthy development of rare earth industry.
The main policies are as follows:
Notice on Adjusting the Export Tax Refund Rate of Some Products
The cancellation of tax rebates for a large number of rare earth smelting and separation products further shows that the state no longer supports and encourages the export of medium and primary rare earth products, and promotes the structural adjustment of China's rare earth industry and the optimization and upgrading of products.
Catalogue of Commodities Prohibited from Processing Trade
From May 19, 2005, products including rare earth raw ore will be included in the catalogue of prohibited commodities for processing trade.
Rare Earth Industry Development Policy
China will comprehensively strengthen the supervision of the rare earth industry, and will promote the integration of the rare earth industry, the industry pattern will be adjusted, China's export supervision will also step to a new level, continue the past rare earth ore production restriction policy, in rare earth smelting separation, change the past general restrictions, Baotou light rare earth, Sichuan, Jiangxi Guangdong and other southern ion ore smelting separation of specific provisions. Development Plan of Rare Earth Industry from 2009 to 2015
Strictly implement the mandatory plan for rare earth mining. From 2009 to 2015, the overall annual concentrate mining scale will be 130000 to 150000 tons, and the output of smelting and separation enterprises will be 12 to 150000 tons; in the next 6 years, the weight of China's rare earth export quota will be controlled at 35000 tons/Within the year.
A series of industrial policies issued by the state are to restrict exports, control the volume, and encourage deep processing of rare earths. As a downstream industry of rare earth smelting industry, the high-performance NdFeB permanent magnet material industry is obviously affected by the policy of rare earth smelting industry, which has not reached the total mining target to control the exploitation of rare earth resources, which will lead to an upward trend in rare earth prices and bring pressure on the industry to increase production costs: setting export quotas will bring pressure on the supply of raw materials to foreign high-performance NdFeB permanent magnet material manufacturers and improve their competitiveness: encourage deep processing of rare earth, it has played a greater role in promoting the development of high-performance NdFeB permanent magnet materials industry.
③ The impact of rare earth supply and demand on the industry In the heavy rare earth metals, the production of high-performance NdFeB permanent magnetic materials to use dysprosium. The content of dysprosium in high-performance NdFeB permanent magnet material directly determines the quality of the material and the environment that can withstand it. The higher the proportion of dysprosium, the stronger the coercivity of the magnet, the more prominent the high temperature resistance, suitable for use in high temperature motors. In the light rare earth metals, the production of high-performance NdFeB permanent magnet materials mainly use neodymium or praseodymium neodymium. Light and heavy rare earths account for a high proportion of the cost of high-performance NdFeB permanent magnet materials, from 2008 to 2010, rare earth metals accounted for 52.30 percent of the company's product production costs, 58. A shake and 72.28 percent. Affected by the total amount of mining, export quotas and market speculation, the price of rare earth metals fluctuates sharply, which affects the stability of the profitability of the high-performance NdFeB permanent magnet material industry to a certain extent.
(2) Impact of downstream industry developments on the industry
Downstream industries include new energy and energy conservation and environmental protection applications, as well as traditional applications. New energy and energy conservation and environmental protection applications will enter a period of rapid development under the guidance of national industrial policies: traditional applications are more mature, and the demand for high-performance NdFeB permanent magnet materials will remain at a relatively stable level. The impact of developments in the two major areas on the industry is as follows:
The impact of the development of new energy and energy conservation and environmental protection on the industry The field of new energy and energy conservation and environmental protection is a sunrise industry that is encouraged and supported by China's industrial policy, and is a key application field of high-performance NdFeB permanent magnet materials, which will show a rapid development trend in the next few years. Driven by its rapid development, the high-performance NdFeB permanent magnet material industry will also enter a period of rapid development.
The impact of the development of traditional applications on the industry The global total demand for high-performance NdFeB permanent magnet materials in traditional applications is changing steadily. At present, the application area is monopolized by Japanese enterprises. Due to the restrictions of China's rare earth export policy and the influence of cost-related factors, as well as the imminent expiration of the patent for the basic component of NdFeB on a global scale, the market share of China's high-performance hinged iron boron permanent magnetic materials in traditional applications will gradually increase.